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GPR50

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Protein-coding gene in humans
GPR50
Identifiers
AliasesGPR50, H9, Mel1c, G protein-coupled receptor 50
External IDsOMIM: 300207; MGI: 1333877; HomoloGene: 3113; GeneCards: GPR50; OMA:GPR50 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
X chromosome (human)
Chr.X chromosome (human)
X chromosome (human)Genomic location for GPR50Genomic location for GPR50
BandXq28Start151,176,584 bp
End151,181,465 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
X chromosome (mouse)
Chr.X chromosome (mouse)
X chromosome (mouse)Genomic location for GPR50Genomic location for GPR50
BandX A7.3|X 36.98 cMStart70,707,273 bp
End70,712,863 bp
RNA expression pattern
Bgee
HumanMouse (ortholog)
Top expressed in
  • anterior pituitary

  • smooth muscle tissue

  • placenta

  • Hypothalamus

  • ganglionic eminence

  • lymph node

  • islet of Langerhans

  • mucosa of esophagus

  • right adrenal cortex

  • uterus
Top expressed in
  • median eminence

  • arcuate nucleus

  • gastrula

  • intestinal villus

  • Ileal epithelium

  • perirhinal cortex

  • entorhinal cortex

  • choroid plexus of fourth ventricle

  • tracheobronchial tree

  • CA3 field
More reference expression data
BioGPS
More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function
Cellular component
Biological process
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

9248

14765

Ensembl

ENSG00000102195

ENSMUSG00000056380

UniProt

Q13585

O88495

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_004224

NM_010340
NM_001308501

RefSeq (protein)

NP_004215

NP_001295430
NP_034470

Location (UCSC)Chr X: 151.18 – 151.18 MbChr X: 70.71 – 70.71 Mb
PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

G protein-coupled receptor 50 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the GPR50 gene.

Function

GPR50 is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins and is most closely related to the melatonin receptor. GPR50 is able to heterodimerize with both the MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptor subtypes. While GPR50 has no effect on MT2 function, GPR50 prevented MT1 from both binding melatonin and coupling to G proteins. GPR50 is the mammalian ortholog of melatonin receptor Mel1c described in non-mammalian vertebrates.

Clinical significance

Certain polymorphisms of the GPR50 gene in females are associated with increased risk of developing bipolar affective disorder, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia. Other GPR50 gene polymorphism are associated with higher fasting circulating triglyceride levels and lower circulating High-density lipoprotein levels.

References

  1. ^ GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000102195Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000056380Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. "Entrez Gene: GPR50 G protein-coupled receptor 50".
  6. ^ Reppert SM, Weaver DR, Ebisawa T, Mahle CD, Kolakowski LF (May 1996). "Cloning of a melatonin-related receptor from human pituitary". FEBS Letters. 386 (2–3): 219–24. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)00437-1. PMID 8647286.
  7. Gubitz AK, Reppert SM (January 1999). "Assignment of the melatonin-related receptor to human chromosome X (GPR50) and mouse chromosome X (Gpr50)". Genomics. 55 (2): 248–51. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5661. PMID 9933574.
  8. Levoye A, Dam J, Ayoub MA, Guillaume JL, Couturier C, Delagrange P, Jockers R (July 2006). "The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization". The EMBO Journal. 25 (13): 3012–23. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193. PMC 1500982. PMID 16778767.
  9. Dufourny L, Levasseur A, Migaud M, Callebaut I, Pontarotti P, Malpaux B, Monget P (2008). "GPR50 is the mammalian ortholog of Mel1c: Evidence of rapid evolution in mammals". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 8 (1): 105. Bibcode:2008BMCEE...8..105D. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-105. PMC 2323367. PMID 18400093.
  10. Thomson PA, Wray NR, Thomson AM, Dunbar DR, Grassie MA, Condie A, Walker MT, Smith DJ, Pulford DJ, Muir W, Blackwood DH, Porteous DJ (May 2005). "Sex-specific association between bipolar affective disorder in women and GPR50, an X-linked orphan G protein-coupled receptor". Molecular Psychiatry. 10 (5): 470–8. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001593. PMID 15452587.
  11. Bhattacharyya S, Luan J, Challis B, Keogh J, Montague C, Brennand J, Morten J, Lowenbeim S, Jenkins S, Farooqi IS, Wareham NJ, O'Rahilly S (April 2006). "Sequence variants in the melatonin-related receptor gene (GPR50) associate with circulating triglyceride and HDL levels". Journal of Lipid Research. 47 (4): 761–6. doi:10.1194/jlr.M500338-JLR200. PMID 16436372.

Further reading

Cell surface receptor: G protein-coupled receptors
Class A: Rhodopsin-like
Neurotransmitter
Adrenergic
Purinergic
Serotonin
Other
Metabolites and
signaling molecules
Eicosanoid
Other
Peptide
Neuropeptide
Other
Miscellaneous
Taste, bitter
Orphan
Other
Class B: Secretin-like
Adhesion
Orphan
Other
Class C: Metabotropic glutamate / pheromone
Taste, sweet
Other
Class F: Frizzled & Smoothened
Frizzled
Smoothened
Categories:
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