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List of white dwarfs

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This is a list of exceptional white dwarf stars. An extensive database of all known white dwarfs and their properties is available in the Montreal White Dwarf Database.

Firsts

These were the first white dwarfs discovered fitting these conditions

Title Star Date Data Comments Notes Refs
First discovered Sirius B 1852 Sirius system Sirius B is also the nearest white dwarf (as of 2005)
First found in a binary star system
First double white dwarf system LDS 275 1944 L 462-56 system
First solitary white dwarf Van Maanen 2 1917 Van Maanen's star is also the nearest solitary white dwarf
First white dwarf with a planet WD B1620−26 2003 PSR B1620-26 b (planet) This planet is a circumbinary planet, which circles both stars in the PSR B1620-26 system
First singular white dwarf with a transiting object WD 1145+017 2015 Known object is a disintegrating planetesimal, most likely an asteroid.
First white dwarf that is a pulsar AR Scorpii A 2016 The star is in a binary system with a red dwarf

Extremes

These are the white dwarfs which are currently known to fit these conditions

Title Star Date Data Comments Notes Refs
Nearest Sirius 1852 8.6 ly (2.6 pc) Sirius B is also the second white dwarf discovered.
Farthest SN UDS10Wil progenitor 2013 10,000,000,000 ly z=1.914 SN Wilson is a type-Ia supernova whose progenitor was a white dwarf
Oldest WD 0346+246 2021 11.5 billion years
Youngest
Highest surface temperature RX J0439.8−6809 2015 250,000 K (250,000 °C; 450,000 °F) This star is located in the Milky Way's galactic halo, in the field of the Large Magellanic Cloud
Lowest surface temperature PSR J2222–0137 B
WD J2147–4035 		2021
2022 		3000K
3050 K 		in binary
single
Most luminous Central star of the Skull Nebula 2018 18,620+7,630
−10,990 L☉
Least luminous WD 0343+247 1.62×10 L☉
Brightest apparent Sirius B 1852 8.44 (V)
Dimmest apparent
Most massive ZTF J1901+1458 2020 1.35 M☉
Least massive NLTT 11748 2007 0.13–0.16 M☉
Largest Z Andromedae B 0.17—0.36 R☉
Smallest HD 49798 2021 0.0023 R☉

Nearest

10 nearest white dwarfs
Star Distance Comments Notes Refs
Sirius B 8.58 ly (2.63 pc) Sirius B is also the second white dwarf discovered. It is part of the Sirius system.
Procyon B 11.43 ly (3.50 pc) Part of Procyon system
van Maanen's Star 14.04 ly (4.30 pc)
GJ 440 15.09 ly (4.63 pc)
40 Eridani B 16.25 ly (4.98 pc) Part of 40 Eridani system
Stein 2051 B 18.06 ly (5.54 pc) Part of Stein 2051 system
LP 44-113 20.0 ly (6.1 pc)
G 99-44 20.9 ly (6.4 pc)
L 97-12 25.8 ly (7.9 pc)
Wolf 489 26.7 ly (8.2 pc)

Other notable white dwarfs

References

  1. Dufour, Patrick; Blouin, Simon (March 2016). "The Montreal White Dwarf Database: A Tool for the Community". 20th European White Dwarf Workshop. 509: 3. arXiv:1610.00986. Bibcode:2017ASPC..509....3D.
  2. ^ Atlas of the Universe, "The Universe within 12.5 Light Years: The Nearest Stars", Richard Powell, 30 July 2006 (accessed 2010-11-01)
  3. ^ BBC News, "Hubble finds mass of white dwarf", Christine McGourty, 14 December 2005 (accessed 2010-11-01)
  4. W. J. Luyten (September 1944). "Note on the Double White Dwarf L 462-56 = LDS 275". Astrophysical Journal. 100: 202. Bibcode:1944ApJ...100..202L. doi:10.1086/144658.
  5. Schatzman, Évry (1958), White Dwarfs, North Holland Publishing Company, p. 2.
  6. Steinn Sigurdsson; Harvey B. Richer; Brad M. Hansen; Ingrid H. Stairs; Stephen E. Thorsett (July 2003). "A Young White Dwarf Companion to Pulsar B1620-26: Evidence for Early Planet Formation". Science. 301 (5630): 193–196. arXiv:astro-ph/0307339. Bibcode:2003Sci...301..193S. doi:10.1126/science.1086326. PMID 12855802. S2CID 39446560.
  7. "Looking for planets around white dwarfs". Professor Astronomy. 20 August 2010.
  8. Vanderburg, Andrew (October 2015). "A disintegrating minor planet transiting a white dwarf". Nature. 526 (7574): 546–549. arXiv:1510.06387. Bibcode:2015Natur.526..546V. doi:10.1038/nature15527. PMID 26490620.
  9. Hambsch, Franz-Josef (15 August 2016). "Amateurs Help Discover Pulsing White Dwarf". Sky and Telescope.
  10. Jason Major (5 April 2013). "Hubble Spots the Most Distant Supernova Ever". Discovery Channel.
  11. "CANDELS Finds the Most Distant Type Ia Supernova Yet Observed". Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS). 23 April 2013.
  12. David O. Jones; Steven A. Rodney; Adam G. Riess; Bahram Mobasher; Tomas Dahlen; Curtis McCully; Teddy F. Frederiksen; Stefano Casertano; Jens Hjorth; Charles R. Keeton; Anton Koekemoer; Louis-Gregory Strolger; Tommy G. Wiklind; Peter Challis; Or Graur; Brian Hayden; Brandon Patel; Benjamin J. Weiner; Alexei V. Filippenko; Peter Garnavich; Saurabh W. Jha; Robert P. Kirshner; Henry C. Ferguson; Norman A. Grogin; Dale Kocevski (2 April 2013). "The Discovery of the Most Distant Known Type Ia Supernova at Redshift 1.914". The Astrophysical Journal. 768 (2) (published May 2013): 166. arXiv:1304.0768. Bibcode:2013ApJ...768..166J. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/768/2/166. S2CID 118890248. 166.
  13. ^ Lacki, Brian C.; Brzycki, Bryan; Croft, Steve; Czech, Daniel; DeBoer, David; DeMarines, Julia; Gajjar, Vishal; Isaacson, Howard; Lebofsky, Matt; MacMahon, David H. E.; Price, Danny C.; Sheikh, Sofia Z.; Siemion, Andrew P. V.; Drew, Jamie; Worden, S. Pete (2021-11-24). "One of Everything: The Breakthrough Listen Exotica Catalog". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 257 (2): 42. arXiv:2006.11304. Bibcode:2021ApJS..257...42L. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac168a. ISSN 0067-0049.
  14. Universitaet Tübingen (24 November 2015). "The hottest white dwarf in the Galaxy". Science Daily.
  15. K. Werner; T. Rauch (29 September 2015). "Analysis of HST/COS spectra of the bare C–O stellar core H1504+65 and a high-velocity twin in the Galactic halo". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 584 (published December 2015): A19. arXiv:1509.08942. Bibcode:2015A&A...584A..19W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527261. S2CID 118458007. A19.
  16. Elms, Abbigail K.; Tremblay, Pier-Emmanuel; Gänsicke, Boris T.; Koester, Detlev; Hollands, Mark A.; Gentile Fusillo, Nicola Pietro; Cunningham, Tim; Apps, Kevin (2022-12-01). "Spectral analysis of ultra-cool white dwarfs polluted by planetary debris". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 517 (3): 4557–4574. arXiv:2206.05258. Bibcode:2022MNRAS.517.4557E. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2908. ISSN 0035-8711.
  17. Löbling, Lisa (2018-06-01). "Sliding along the Eddington Limit—Heavy-Weight Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae". Galaxies. 6 (2): 65. arXiv:1806.07279. Bibcode:2018Galax...6...65L. doi:10.3390/galaxies6020065.
  18. "MWDD - Tables and Charts". Montreal White Dwarf Database. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  19. "WD 0343+247". Montreal White Dwarf Database. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  20. ^ "A White Dwarf Living on the Edge". California Institute of Technology. 2021-06-30. Retrieved 2023-07-20.
  21. Sokoloski, J. L.; Kenyon, S. J.; Espey, B. R.; Keyes, Charles D.; McCandliss, S. R.; Kong, A. K. H.; Aufdenberg, J. P.; Filippenko, A. V.; Li, W.; Brocksopp, C.; Kaiser, Christian R.; Charles, P. A.; Rupen, M. P.; Stone, R. P. S. (2006-01-01). "A Combination Nova Outburst in Z Andromedae: Nuclear Shell Burning Triggered by a Disk Instability". The Astrophysical Journal. 636 (2): 1002–1019. arXiv:astro-ph/0509638. Bibcode:2006ApJ...636.1002S. doi:10.1086/498206. ISSN 0004-637X.
  22. Mereghetti, S.; Pintore, F.; Rauch, T.; La Palombara, N.; Esposito, P.; Geier, S.; Pelisoli, I.; Rigoselli, M.; Schaffenroth, V.; Tiengo, A. (2021). "New X-ray observations of the hot subdwarf binary HD 49798/RX J0648.0–4418". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 504: 920–925. arXiv:2104.03867. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1004. Retrieved 2023-01-08.
  23. ^ David Taylor (2012). "White Dwarf Stars Near The Earth" (PDF). The Life and Death of Stars. Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences - Northwestern University.
  24. ^ "White dwarfs within 10 parsecs". Sol Station. 2011.
  25. Caiazzo, Ilaria; Burdge, Kevin B.; Tremblay, Pier-Emmanuel; Fuller, James; Ferrario, Lilia; Gänsicke, Boris T.; Hermes, J. J.; Heyl, Jeremy; Kawka, Adela; Kulkarni, S. R.; Marsh, Thomas R.; Mróz, Przemek; Prince, Thomas A.; Richer, Harvey B.; Rodriguez, Antonio C. (2023-07-19). "A rotating white dwarf shows different compositions on its opposite faces". Nature. 620 (7972): 61–66. arXiv:2308.07430. Bibcode:2023Natur.620...61C. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06171-9. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 37468630.
  26. "Two-Faced Star Exposed". California Institute of Technology. 2023-07-19. Retrieved 2023-07-31.

See also

White dwarf
Formation
Fate
In binary
systems
Properties
Related
Stars
Formation
Evolution
Classification
Remnants
Hypothetical
Nucleosynthesis
Structure
Properties
Star systems
Earth-centric
observations
Lists
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