Copper(I) sulfate - Misplaced Pages

Chemical compound

Copper(I) sulfate
Names

IUPAC name Copper(I) sulfate
Systematic IUPAC name Copper(I) sulfate
Other names Copper sulfate; Cuprous sulfate; Dicopper sulfate
Identifiers
CAS Number	17599-81-4
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	118749
ECHA InfoCard	100.159.746
PubChem CID	134737
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID30889663
InChI InChI=1S/2Cu.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2+1;/p-2Key: WIVXEZIMDUGYRW-UHFFFAOYSA-L InChI=1/2Cu.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2+1;/p-2Key: WIVXEZIMDUGYRW-NUQVWONBAI
SMILES S(=O)(=O)..
Properties
Chemical formula	Cu₂SO₄
Molar mass	223.15 g mol
Appearance	White
Density	4.12 g cm
Melting point	110 °C
Solubility in water	decomposes
Structure
Crystal structure	orthorhombic
Space group	Fddd
Lattice constant	a = 4.748(3) Å, b = 13.96(1) Å, c = 10.86(1) Å
Formula units (Z)	8
Hazards
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 1 mg/m (as Cu)
REL (Recommended)	TWA 1 mg/m (as Cu)
IDLH (Immediate danger)	TWA 100 mg/m (as Cu)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Infobox references

Chemical compound

Copper(I) sulfate, also known as cuprous sulfate, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cu₂ SO₄. It is a white solid, in contrast to copper(II) sulfate, which is blue in hydrous form. Compared to the commonly available reagent, copper(II) sulfate, copper(I) sulfate is unstable and not readily available.

Structure

Cu₂SO₄ crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Fddd. Each oxygen in a sulfate anion is bridged to another sulfate by a copper atom, and the Cu−O distances are 196 pm.

Synthesis

Cuprous sulfate is produced by the reaction of copper metal with sulfuric acid at 200 °C:

2 Cu + 2 H₂SO₄ → Cu₂SO₄ + SO₂ + 2 H₂O

Cu₂SO₄ can also be synthesized by the action of dimethyl sulfate on cuprous oxide:

Cu₂O + (CH₃O)₂SO₂ → Cu₂SO₄ + (CH₃)₂O

The material is stable in dry air at room temperature but decomposes rapidly in presence of moisture or upon heating. It decomposes into copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate upon contact with water.

Cu₂SO₄ + 5 H₂O → Cu + CuSO₄ · 5 H₂O

References

^ Berthold, H. J.; Born, J.; Wartchow, R. (1988). "The crystal structure of copper(I)sulfate Cu₂SO₄ – The first structure of a simple cuprous oxo-salt". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie – Crystalline Materials. 183: 309–318. doi:10.1524/zkri.1988.183.14.309. S2CID 101673081.
^ NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0150". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
O. Glemser; R. Sauer (1963). "Copper (I) Sulfate". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 2pages=1020. NY, NY: Academic Press.
^ Vo Van, Kim; Habashi, Faith (1972). "Identification and Thermal Stability of Copper(I) Sulfate". Can. J. Chem. 50 (23): 3872–3875. doi:10.1139/v72-610.