1978 Malaysian state elections

This article is part of a series on the
Politics of Malaysia

Head of State Yang di-Pertuan Agong Ibrahim Iskandar Conference of Rulers
Legislature Parliament of Malaysia 15th Parliament Senate (Dewan Negara) President Awang Bemee Awang Ali Basah House of Representatives (Dewan Rakyat) Speaker Johari Abdul Leader of the Government Anwar Ibrahim Leader of the Opposition Hamzah Zainudin
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Judiciary Federal Court Chief Justice Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat Court of Appeal President Abang Iskandar Abang Hashim High Court in Malaya ∙ High Court in Sabah and Sarawak Chief Judge of Malaya Vacant Chief Judge of Sabah and Sarawak Abdul Rahman Sebli
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This article is part of a series on the

Politics of
Malaysia

Head of State

Yang di-Pertuan Agong

Ibrahim Iskandar

Conference of Rulers

Legislature

Parliament of Malaysia

15th Parliament

Senate (Dewan Negara)

President Awang Bemee Awang Ali Basah

House of Representatives (Dewan Rakyat)

Executive

Cabinet

Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim

Civil service (agencies)

Chief Secretary Shamsul Azri Abu Bakar

Judiciary

Federal Court

Chief Justice Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat

Court of Appeal

President Abang Iskandar Abang Hashim

High Court in Malaya ∙ High Court in Sabah and Sarawak

Elections

Election Commission of Malaysia

General elections: 2022

Electoral districts

Political parties

List of political parties in Malaysia

Federalism

State governments

Chief ministers of the states

State legislatures (members)

Local governments (list)

Ideologies and concepts

Race and politics

Other countries

State assembly elections were held in Malaysia on 8 July 1978 in all states except Kelantan, Sabah and Sarawak. Kelantan held its state assembly election months earlier on 11 March 1978.

Results

Johor


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	176,368	47.32	20	0
			Malaysian Chinese Association	90,698	24.34	10	0
			Malaysian Indian Congress	7,665	2.06	1	0
		Total		274,731	73.72	31	0
	Democratic Action Party			64,604	17.33	1	0
	Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party			25,915	6.95	0	0
	Independents			7,435	1.99	0	0
Total				372,685	100.00	32	0

Valid votes				372,685	94.55
Invalid/blank votes				21,466	5.45
Total votes				394,151	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				507,579	77.65
Source: Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999)

Kedah


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	136,553	41.70	14	+2
			Malaysian Chinese Association	36,911	11.27	4	+2
			Malaysian Indian Congress	6,735	2.06	1	+1
		Total		180,199	55.03	19	+5
	Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party			129,346	39.50	7	–2
	Democratic Action Party			5,597	1.71	0	-1
	Kesatuan Insaf Tanah Air [ms]			735	0.22	0	0
	Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia			567	0.17	0	0
	Social Democratic Party			54	0.02	0	0
	Independents			10,976	3.35	0	-1
Total				327,474	100.00	26	0

Valid votes				327,474	95.53
Invalid/blank votes				15,311	4.47
Total votes				342,785	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				443,656	77.26
Source: Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999)

Kelantan


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	82,236	34.61	22	+9
			Malaysian Chinese Association	6,435	2.71	1	0
		Total		88,671	37.32	23	+9
	Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party			79,514	33.47	2	–20
	Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front			64,680	27.23	11	New
	Independents			4,709	1.98	0	0
Total				237,574	100.00	36	0

Valid votes				237,574	98.35
Invalid/blank votes				3,992	1.65
Total votes				241,566	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				321,669	75.10
Source: Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999)

Malacca


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	43,037	34.48	13	+1
			Malaysian Chinese Association	22,158	17.75	3	0
			Malaysian Indian Congress	2,680	2.15	0	0
		Total		67,875	54.37	16	0
	Democratic Action Party			39,147	31.36	4	0
	Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party			16,128	12.92	0	–1
	Independents			1,679	1.35	0	0
Total				124,829	100.00	20	0

Valid votes				124,829	96.26
Invalid/blank votes				4,856	3.74
Total votes				129,685	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				167,344	77.50
Source: Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999)

Negri Sembilan


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	56,970	35.72	15	+1
			Malaysian Chinese Association	33,319	20.89	5	0
			Malaysian Indian Congress	4,327	2.71	1	0
		Total		94,616	59.33	21	+1
	Democratic Action Party			45,992	28.84	3	0
	Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party			11,523	7.23	0	–1
	Malaysian Social Justice Party			118	0.07	0	0
	Independents			7,230	4.53	0	0
Total				159,479	100.00	24	0

Valid votes				159,479	95.14
Invalid/blank votes				8,154	4.86
Total votes				167,633	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				214,705	78.08
Source: Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999)

Pahang


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	75,992	42.88	24	+1
			Malaysian Chinese Association	31,365	17.70	7	0
			Malaysian Indian Congress	2,384	1.35	1	0
		Total		109,741	61.92	32	0
	Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party			27,490	15.51	0	-1
	Democratic Action Party			22,943	12.95	0	0
	Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia			9,009	5.08	0	0
	Independents			8,050	4.54	0	0
Total				177,233	100.00	32	0

Valid votes				177,233	94.23
Invalid/blank votes				10,858	5.77
Total votes				188,091	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				258,024	72.90
Source: Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999)

Penang


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia	61,075	20.94	8	–3
			United Malays National Organisation	44,774	15.35	9	0
			Malaysian Chinese Association	23,879	8.19	2	+1
			Malaysian Indian Congress	5,747	1.97	1	0
		Total		135,475	46.45	20	–2
	Democratic Action Party			77,484	26.56	5	+3
	Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party			28,768	9.86	1	0
	Social Democratic Party			10,259	3.52	0	0
	Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia			9,508	3.26	0	0
	Kesatuan Insaf Tanah Air [ms]			1,138	0.39	0	0
	Independents			29,055	9.96	1	0
Total				291,687	100.00	27	0

Valid votes				291,687	95.90
Invalid/blank votes				12,455	4.10
Total votes				304,142	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				383,134	79.38
Source: Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999)

Perak


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	137,566	25.79	23	+2
			Malaysian Chinese Association	67,325	12.62	4	+1
			People's Progressive Party	36,851	6.91	2	0
			Malaysian Indian Congress	14,018	2.63	1	0
			Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia	13,568	2.54	2	+1
		Total		269,328	50.49	32	+4
	Democratic Action Party			195,146	36.58	9	–2
	Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party			62,832	11.78	1	–2
	United People's Party			1,023	0.19	0	0
	Malaysian Social Justice Party			381	0.07	0	0
	Independents			4,750	0.89	0	0
Total				533,460	100.00	42	0

Valid votes				533,460	95.91
Invalid/blank votes				22,727	4.09
Total votes				556,187	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				736,963	75.47
Source: Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999)

Perlis


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	22,068	50.66	10	+2
			Malaysian Chinese Association	3,083	7.08	2	0
		Total		25,151	57.74	12	+2
	Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party			12,735	29.23	0	–2
	Independents			5,676	13.03	0	0
Total				43,562	100.00	12	0

Valid votes				43,562	94.48
Invalid/blank votes				2,543	5.52
Total votes				46,105	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				59,477	77.52
Source: Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999)

Selangor


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	107,629	32.78	20	+1
			Malaysian Chinese Association	44,140	13.44	5	–1
			Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia	24,504	7.46	1	0
			Malaysian Indian Congress	23,209	7.07	3	0
		Total		199,482	60.76	29	0
	Democratic Action Party			53,711	16.36	3	+2
	Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party			48,129	14.66	0	–1
	Malaysian Social Justice Party			11,530	3.51	0	0
	Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia			550	0.17	0	0
	Malaysian Workers' Party			132	0.04	0	New
	Independents			14,771	4.50	1	–1
Total				328,305	100.00	33	0

Valid votes				328,305	93.16
Invalid/blank votes				24,097	6.84
Total votes				352,402	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				473,533	74.42
Source: Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999)

Trengganu


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	73,195	53.03	27	+10
			Malaysian Chinese Association	3,850	2.79	1	0
		Total		77,045	55.82	28	+10
	Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party			50,732	36.76	0	–9
	Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia			9,894	7.17	0	0
	Independents			344	0.25	0	-1
Total				138,015	100.00	28	0

Valid votes				138,015	94.30
Invalid/blank votes				8,335	5.70
Total votes				146,350	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				190,996	76.62
Source: Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999)

References

Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Anzagain. 2004. pp. 856–860. ISBN 983-037-152-2.
Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Anzagain. 2004. pp. 80–84. ISBN 983-037-152-2.
Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Anzagain. 2004. pp. 169–175. ISBN 983-037-152-2.
Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Anzagain. 2004. pp. 781–784. ISBN 983-037-152-2.
Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Anzagain. 2004. pp. 712–715. ISBN 983-037-152-2.
Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Anzagain. 2004. pp. 533–538. ISBN 983-037-152-2.
Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Anzagain. 2004. pp. 334–338. ISBN 983-037-152-2.
Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Anzagain. 2004. pp. 433–439. ISBN 983-037-152-2.
Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Anzagain. pp. 18–19. ISBN 983-037-152-2.
Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Anzagain. 2004. pp. 621–626. ISBN 983-037-152-2.
Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri (1959-1999). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Anzagain. 2004. pp. 256–260. ISBN 983-037-152-2.

v t e Elections in Malaysia
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Local	1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965
See also: Federal by-elections State by-elections Elections in Johor Kedah Kelantan Kuala Lumpur Labuan Malacca Negeri Sembilan Pahang Penang Perak Perlis Putrajaya Sabah Sarawak Selangor Terengganu

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