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National Salvation Junta

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1974–1975 Portuguese military government
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Portuguese RepublicRepública Portuguesa (Portuguese)
1974–1975
Flag of Portugal Flag Coat of arms of Portugal Coat of arms
Anthem: A Portuguesa
("The Portuguese")
Emblem of the Armed Forces Movement:
CapitalLisbon
Common languagesPortuguese
Demonym(s)Portuguese
GovernmentProvisional military junta
President 
• 1974-1974 António de Spínola
• 1974–1976 Francisco da Costa Gomes
History 
• Proclamation 26 April 1974
• Disestablished 14 March 1975
CurrencyEscudo
ISO 3166 codePT
Preceded by Succeeded by
Estado Novo
Third Portuguese Republic
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The National Salvation Junta (Portuguese: Junta de Salvação Nacional, Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʒũtɐ ðɨ salvɐˈsɐ̃w nɐsiuˈnal]) was a group of military officers designated to maintain the government of Portugal in April 1974 after the Carnation Revolution had overthrown the Estado Novo dictatorial regime. This junta assumed power following a communiqué of its president, António de Spínola, at 1:30 a.m. on 26 April 1974. The National Salvation Junta was the de jure governing body of Portugal following the Carnation Revolution.

Purpose

The Junta was a pre-planned part of the national reform program envisioned by the Movimento das Forças Armadas (Movement of the Armed Forces; MFA), which aimed to exercise political power after the revolution and prior to the formation of a civilian government in order to prevent the collapse of the Presidency of the Republic (then held by Rear-Admiral Américo Tomás) and of the government. It entailed the dissolution of the National Assembly and of the Council of State. The Constitutional Law 1/74 of 25 April 1974 was promulgated in order to set this process in motion. The Junta assumed upon itself the power to choose the president and vice-president.

On an interim basis, the Junta also exercised the functions of the Presidency of the Republic (from 26 April to 15 May, when it designated as Head of State the president of the Junta, António de Spínola) and of President of the Council (from 26 April to 16 May, when the MFA-chosen First Provisional Government of Portugal took power, headed by Adelino da Palma Carlos).

Members

The Junta was composed of:

On 30 September 1974 the staff was reorganized:

Abolition

Constitutional Law 5/75 of 14 March 1975 abolished the National Salvation Junta and established the Revolutionary Council of Portugal (Conselho da Revolução de Portugal), which included former members of the Junta.

Preceded byAmérico Tomás President of Portugal (interim)
26 April 1974–15 May 1974 		Succeeded byAntónio de Spínola
Preceded byMarcello Caetano Prime Minister of Portugal (interim)
26 April 1974 –16 May 1974 		Succeeded byAdelino da Palma Carlos
Presidents of Portugal
First Republic (1910–1926) Flag of the President of Portugal
Second Republic (1933–1974)
Third Republic (1974–present)
Interim presidents are in italics.
Prime ministers of Portugal
First Republic (1910–1926) Flag of the Prime Minister of Portugal
Second Republic (1933–1974)
Third Republic (1974–present)


References

  1. Chilcote, Ronald H. (March 2012). The Portuguese Revolution: State and Class in the Transition to Democracy. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-7425-6793-1.


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