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3C 380

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Quasar in the constellation Draco
3C 380
The quasar 3C 380.
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
ConstellationDraco
Right ascension18 29 31.7809
Declination+48° 44′ 46.161″
Redshift0.6920000
Heliocentric radial velocity207,456 km/s
Distance6.074 Gly
Apparent magnitude (V)16.81
Apparent magnitude (B)17.05
Characteristics
TypeOpt. var, Sy 1.5, LPQ
Other designations
CTA 79, NRAO 565, LEDA 2817708, QSO B1828+4842, 4C +48.46, S4 1828+487, WK 396, WMAP 46,

3C 380 is a radio-loud quasar located in the constellation of Draco. First discovered in 1965 and identified with a starlike object, it is one of the luminous and powerful radio sources in Third Cambridge Catalogue, with a redshift of (z) 0.692 and a compact steep spectrum (CSS) source.

Description

3C 380 contains a complex radio structure. Radio images produced by the very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) at 5 GHz, showed the source is mainly extended, containing several components including a compact radio core and a ridge of extended radio emission. In additional, the quasar also has a diffused halo with a spectral index of 1.0 ± 0.2 which represents a common feature of the radio lobes in Fanaroff-Riley class II quasars. An extended radio lobe was also discovered in 3C 380, having a low spectral index when compared to those at decimeter wavelengths. There are also two hotpots located in northwest direction.

The radio jet of 3C 380 on parsec-scales is known to be bent. Based on VLBI observations, it is shown to be resolved when travelling in a transverse direction, however it also shows signs of rapid brightness variations unlike other nuclear jets indicating phase effects play a role in causing these changes. Apart from that, the jet shows superluminal motion and a Faraday rotation gradient measuring 70-200 parsecs in width across it. Radio imaging Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) also finds the jet is extending in a northwest direction.

According to Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and VLBA, the jet has two knots. These knots are respectively named as knot 1, located 0.73 arcseconds from the core and knot 2 which is located 0.4 arcseconds away from the former. Together, these knots are found laid over lobelike emission which in turn, is stretched out in both east and northeast directions.

Multifrequency polarization have also been found in 3C 380. Based on observations, both the core and jet contains polarization by 6 percent, while the other component has 16 percent polarization. Enhanced flux density at 24 GHz from the object was also detected in September 2020.

References

  1. Gulati, Sanna; Bhattacharya, Debbijoy; Sreekumar, P. (November 2024). "Constraining the Location of the γ-Ray Emission Region in Radio-loud AGN 3C 380". The Astrophysical Journal. 977 (1): 9. Bibcode:2024ApJ...977....9G. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad891e. ISSN 0004-637X.
  2. Koyama, Shoko; Kino, Motoki; Nagai, Hiroshi; Hada, Kazuhiro; Kameno, Seiji; Kobayashi, Hideyuki (2013-04-25). "VLBI Imagings of a Kilo-Parsec Knot in 3C 380". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 65 (2): 29. doi:10.1093/pasj/65.2.29. ISSN 0004-6264.
  3. Sandage, Allan; Wyndham, John D. (January 1965). "On the Optical Identification of Eleven New Quasi-Stellar Radio Sources". The Astrophysical Journal. 141: 328. Bibcode:1965ApJ...141..328S. doi:10.1086/148125. ISSN 0004-637X.
  4. Burbidge, E. Margaret (1965-11-01). "Redshifts of the Quasi-Stellar Radio Sources 3c 334, 3c 345, 3c 380, and a Discussion of the Possible Redshift of 3c 446". The Astrophysical Journal. 142: 1674. Bibcode:1965ApJ...142.1674B. doi:10.1086/148459. ISSN 0004-637X.
  5. Taylor, Gregory B. (1998-10-20). "Magnetic Fields in Quasar Cores". The Astrophysical Journal. 506 (2): 637–646. Bibcode:1998ApJ...506..637T. doi:10.1086/306286. ISSN 0004-637X.
  6. ^ Wilkinson, P. N.; Akujor, Chidi E.; Cornwell, T. J.; Saikia, D. J. (1991-01-01). "3C 380 : a powerful radio source seen end-on ?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 248: 86–90. doi:10.1093/mnras/248.1.86. ISSN 0035-8711.
  7. Kameno, Seiji; Inoue, Makoto; Fujisawa, Kenta; Shen, Zhi-Qiang; Wajima, Kiyoaki (2000-12-01). "First-Epoch VSOP Observation of 3C 380: Kinematics of the Parsec-Scale Jet". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 52 (6): 1045–L1053. doi:10.1093/pasj/52.6.1045. ISSN 0004-6264.
  8. Pearson, T. J.; Readhead, A. C. S. (May 1988). "The milliarcsecond structure of a complete sample of radio sources. II - First-epoch maps at 5 GHz". The Astrophysical Journal. 328: 114. Bibcode:1988ApJ...328..114P. doi:10.1086/166274. ISSN 0004-637X.
  9. Pearson, T. J.; Readhead, A. C. S.; Perley, R. A. (May 1985). "Compact radio sources in the 3C catalog". The Astronomical Journal. 90: 738. Bibcode:1985AJ.....90..738P. doi:10.1086/113782. ISSN 0004-6256.
  10. Megn, A. V.; Rashkovskiĭ, S. L.; Shepelev, V. A.; Inyutin, G. A.; Brazhenko, A. I.; Bulatsen, V. G.; Vashchishin, R. V.; Koshevoĭ, V. V.; Lozinskiĭ, A. B.; Kassim, N. E. (2006-09-01). "Extended component in the quasar 3C 380". Astronomy Reports. 50 (9): 692–698. Bibcode:2006ARep...50..692M. doi:10.1134/S1063772906090022. ISSN 1063-7729.
  11. de Vries, W. H.; O'Dea, C. P.; Baum, S. A.; Sparks, W. B.; Biretta, J.; de Koff, S.; Golombek, D.; Lehnert, M. D.; Macchetto, F.; McCarthy, P.; Miley, G. K. (June 1997). "Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of Compact Steep Spectrum Radio Sources". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 110 (2): 191–211. Bibcode:1997ApJS..110..191D. doi:10.1086/313001. ISSN 0067-0049.
  12. Polatidis, A. G.; Wilkinson, P. N. (1998-02-21). "Superluminal motion in the parsec-scale jet in 3C 380". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 294 (2): 327–337. doi:10.1111/j.1365-8711.1998.01246.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
  13. Gabuzda, D. C.; Cantwell, T. M.; Cawthorne, T. V. (2014-02-01). "Magnetic field structure of the extended 3C 380 jet". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 438 (1): L1 – L5. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.438L...1G. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slt129. ISSN 0035-8711.
  14. Zensus, J. A.; Ros, E.; Kellermann, K. I.; Cohen, M. H.; Vermeulen, R. C.; Kadler, M. (August 2002). "Sub-milliarcsecond Imaging of Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei. II. Additional Sources". The Astronomical Journal. 124 (2): 662–674. arXiv:astro-ph/0205076. Bibcode:2002AJ....124..662Z. doi:10.1086/341585. ISSN 0004-6256.
  15. O'Dea, Christopher P.; de Vries, Willem; Biretta, John A.; Baum, Stefi A. (March 1999). "Hubble Space Telescope and VLA Observations of Two Optical Continuum Knots in the Jet of 3C 380". The Astronomical Journal. 117 (3): 1143–1150. Bibcode:1999AJ....117.1143O. doi:10.1086/300758. ISSN 0004-6256.
  16. Ludke, E.; Garrington, S. T.; Spencer, R. E.; Akujor, C. E.; Muxlow, T. W. B.; Sanghera, H. S.; Fanti, C. (1998-09-01). "MERLIN polarization observations of compact steep-spectrum sources at 5 GHz". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 299 (2): 467–478. Bibcode:1998MNRAS.299..467L. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01843.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
  17. Marchili, N.; Righini, S.; Giroletti, M.; Egron, E.; Perrodin, D.; Grandi, P.; Torresi, E. (2020-09-01). "Enhanced 24 GHz flux density from 3C 380". The Astronomer's Telegram. 14012: 1. Bibcode:2020ATel14012....1M.

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